- British Petroleum (BP) has
been producing solar cells in a small way, for 30 years. Now it is
investing in Beyond Petroleum initiative. - In a joint venture with
India’s Tata, BP expects to produce 300 MW of solar cells a year by 2010.
In March 2007, BP announced that it will build a 300 MW factory in Spain.
Through a joint venture with Clipper, an American turbine manufacturer, BP
plans to turn itself into a significant wind-power generator. - In 2008, BP plans to
devote 4% of its capital on renewable, which amount to approximately $800
million – a substantial amount for most renewables companies. Exxon on the
other hand want to concentrate on its core competency i.e. the petroleum
business. Technology will in part determine which company’s strategy will
pay higher dividends. If renewable energy goes on getting cheaper, it will
get more attractive. According to Vlatko Vlatkovic, head of GE’s renewable
energy research, wind power is heading towards 3-4 cents per kWh. To
achieve this it is necessary to increase the length of turbine blades to
90 meters. Currently, the weight of the central positioned between the
blades is at around 300 tonnes, which makes it unviable to scale up.
Lighter materials to make cells will be the key. - The scale of wind energy
business is expanding fast such that it is approaching the size of GE’s
gas and turbine business. This has motivated GE to go further than
splicing different technologies, such as propulsion equipment developed
for ships and standard variable-speed drives used in pumps and conveyer
belts, to designing equipments specifically for wind. - The shortage of silicon
has one positive effect in that it has accelerated investments in thin
film technologies that use much less silicone. Two of the most advanced
thin-film companies are Miasole and Nanosolar, with investments by John
Doerr in the first and Larry Page and Sergey Brin in the second. - Politics has an important
role in the future of renewable energy. The rise of carbon price and
subsidies is a good sign. The political developments are expected to
impact nuclear power the most (as compared to wind and solar) as the
carbon-free technology.
The Economist, June 2nd 2007. (“Sunlit Uplands”
pp. 16-20)